This paper analyzes the spatial distribution of two kinds of national wetland parks and their differences and similarities by applying GIS and the methods of nearest neighbor index, Gini coefficient and kernel density estimation. Their influencing factors from the aspects of natural geography, social economy, and cultural environment are discussed with the use of SPSS and geographic analysis methods. Results show that the different development of two kinds of national wetland parks is closely related to different decisions of competent authorities and the attention of the government. They both have the agglomerate trend across the nation in spatial distribution, imbalanced status of state-level wetland parks distribution, but their distribution densities are different. South Jiangsu-North Zhejiang, East Hubei-North Hunan and Southwest Shandong are the three highdensity national wetland park distribution centers, while South Jiangsu and Northeast Shandong form high-density urban wetland park distributions. Finally, this paper discusses the factors that cause the situation in three aspects which include natural conditions, social economic conditions and cultural environment.